An experimental cooling technique developed by Nasa engineers for use on the International Space Station has been adapted for electric cars to massively reduce the time it takes to charge their batteries.
Sodium ion is gaining traction in battery research because it offers a more sustainable alternative to those chemistries based on lithium, which is relatively scarce and expensive to mine.
Scientists are exploring many different designs in the pursuit of better batteries, and lithium metal is a structure with great potential. One problem holding the technology back, however, is the formation of tentacle-like growths called dendrites that can quickly lead to battery failure.